| H (top) |
|
| Handling Unit |
Goods or aggregation
of goods bundled together for distribution and logistics purposes.
May include an individual item in a carton, combined items on
pallets and skids, or items transferred in independently identified
containers, such as ocean containers, rail cars or trucking trailers. |
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|
| Harmonized
Tariff Code |
A code to numerically
describe all articles in international trade managed by the World
Customs Organization. |
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|
| Hazardous Class/Indicator |
Indicates whether
the product is a hazard or source of danger. This prevents non-hazardous
product from being mixed with hazardous products. The class indicates
the category of hazardous material. |
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|
| I (top) |
|
| Inbound |
The flow of
products into a distribution center prior to order selection. |
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|
| Indirect Labor |
Labor that
does not handle merchandise physically (i.e., supervision, record
handling, inbound checking, stock control, and housekeeping). |
| |
|
| Information
Oscillation |
A concept that
identifies the need to manage information in the supply chain,
taking into account such factors as time zones, shipping and receiving
schedules, and open and closed days. As near-real-time event information
is provided in collaborative environments, work process rules
must account for escalation processes to allow for human intervention
in continuous operations. |
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|
| Inner Pack |
A unit that
is a multiple of a storage case. Normally this is some shrink-wrapped
or bundled quantity of retail units within a case. The inner pack
is made up of one or many retail units. This quantity is not required
to equal the number of retail units in a shipping unit.
Example:
Product: 12 oz. Cola cans
Case: 24 cans in a master case
Inner Pack: 6 cans tied together with plastic (a six-pack)
Retail Unit: A single can
In this example,
if the customer orders by six-packs, the shipping unit would be
set to 6. If the customer orders by the case, the shipping unit
would be set to 24. If the customer orders by the retail unit,
the shipping unit would be set to 1. Note: This
is only one example of the many different ways that a product
can be set up. A single product's shipping unit can be set differently
on different product details.
|
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|
| International
Trade Systems (ITS) |
Execution systems
designed to automate the import/export business process. The basic
functional components are trade documentation generation and transmission,
and regulatory compliance validation. |
| |
|
| International
Terms of Sale (INCOTERMS) |
Established
international terms of sale, published by the International Chambers
of Commerce, that describe the responsibilities between buyers
and sellers when transferring title to goods. These are significantly
different from the American terms of sale commonly used in the
United States. |
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|
| Inventory |
All stock on
hand at any given time, either visibly displayed or in stockrooms
and other secured areas. Inventory also refers to compiling an
itemized list of all such items. |
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|
| Inventory Adjustment |
Adjustments
made to the inventory created by the physical inventory and cycle
counting processes. |
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|
| Inventory Control |
Control of
current stock (shelf, back room, warehouse, on order, etc.) so
that merchandise received conforms to sales demands, and out-of-stocks
or over-stocks are avoided. |
| |
|
| Inventory Detail |
A pallet of
a single product located in a warehouse location. When a pallet
is put away, the information from the receipt detail is transferred
to the inventory detail. The inventory detail is then associated
with the location. |
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|
| Inventory Reduction |
When inventory
is reduced by the allocation of orders (through the BOMB process). |
| |
|
| Invoice |
A bill for
goods showing the amount owed to a creditor. |
| |
|
| J (top) |
|
Just-In-Time
(JIT)
Delivery System |
An inventory
management system in which warehouse inventory is maintained at
minimum levels because replenishment stock is immedi-ately available
from suppliers. |
| |
|
| K (top) |
|
| (none) |
|
| |
|
| L (top) |
|
| Label |
A pressure-sensitive,
adhesive-backed paper (containing product, pric-ing, and other
information) affixed to cases or pallets to identify and track
them through the distribution process. |
| |
|
| Labor Standards |
Performance
norms for operational tasks in a food distribution center. Labor
standards can be communicated to workers either via electronic
devices or in writing, and become the basis for measuring productivity
and providing feedback to workers. They are frequently tied to
worker incentive programs. |
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|
| Lead Time |
Total time
from receipt of store order to the scheduled delivery time of
the product at the store. |
| |
|
| Less-Than-Case-Lot |
Less than the
quantity in one case of a particular item of merchandise. |
| |
|
| Less-Than-Truckload
(LTL) |
A shipment
weighing less than the weight required for a truckload rate. |
| |
|
| Let Down (Replenishment) |
The moving
of inventory from reserve storage to the active picking slots
below. |
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|
| License Plate |
Normally a
bar code identifying a pallet or quantity of product; can be generic
or system-generated. |
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|
| Logistics |
The management
of a facility's traffic and transportation functions. |
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|
| Lot Number |
The process
of tracking production where units are produced in a batch. |
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|
| M (top) |
|
| Manufacturing
Planning |
Definition
of the weekly or daily production and machine schedules across
multiple plants or lines to meet orders and forecast demand. Some
manufacturing planning modules also incorporate materials planning. |
| |
|
| Manufacturing
Scheduling |
Generation
of plant-level execution schedules by product and resource (e.g.,
line and machine) and resolution of day-to-day capacity bottlenecks.
Scheduling applications normally include a more granular level
of resource information, and will provide such functionality as
sequence dependent set up, tank scheduling and point-of-use material
availability. |
| |
|
| Markout |
When the item
ordered shows quantity on hand, but the selector is not able to
find the expected quantity. |
| |
|
| Materials Handling
System |
The system
for moving materials throughout a facility, which was cho-sen
from among many types of equipment, both conventional and auto-mated. |
| |
|
| Method Study
Review |
Engineers audit
the time standards established (from the time study) for the job
description to make sure the standards are fair and accurate. |
| |
|
| Mezzanine |
A partial second
floor, larger than a balcony, where the re-pack room, selection
area, and offices are often located in a distribution facility. |
| |
|
| Minimum Order
Requirements |
A minimum quantity
of goods (set by the manufacturer or supplier) that the retailer
or wholesaler must order at one time in order to qualify for a
discount. |
| |
|
| Mixed Load |
A trailer load
that includes more than one product line (i.e., dry grocer-ies,
produce, meat, and dairy products). |
| |
|
| N (top) |
|
| Narrow Aisle |
An aisle that
requires special equipment to pick or stock, normally 5¨C6 feet
in width. |
| |
|
| Narrow-Aisle
Straddle Forklift |
A lift truck
designed to work in aisles narrower than 10 feet. It can stack
palletized merchandise 30 feet (9 meters) high. |
| |
|
| Network Planning |
Used to determine
the overall physical channel (e.g., plants, distribution centers
and warehouses) by which materials are turned into finished goods
and delivered to customers. More recently, network planning tools
have been enhanced for use in strategic business planning scenarios
(e.g., to answer such questions as what should the company's channel
strategies be or what is the impact of switching suppliers). These
tools are usually used for long-term decisions, although enterprises
in more-dynamic environments are employing them on a more-frequent
basis. |
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|
| Numbering System |
A guide to
all the slot locations in the facility, that is essential for
effi-cient storage, replenishment, and selection. The system chosen
depends on the facility's unique needs. Up to ten characters (alphanumeric)
are used to designate aisle, bay, level, and position. A section
ID before the aisle number may also be included. |
